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Guatemala |
Background: Guatemala was freed of Spanish colonial rule in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had led to the death of more than 100,000 people and had created some 1 million refugees. Location: Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Honduras and Belize and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico Capital: Guatemala Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Tennessee Climate: tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands Environment - current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; Hurricane Mitch damage Population: 12,974,361 (July 2001 est.) Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs Languages: Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (more than 20 Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca) Life expectancy at birth: 66.51 years |
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